Influenza epidemiology and immunization during pregnancy: Final report of a World Health Organization working group.
Identifieur interne : 000983 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000982; suivant : 000984Influenza epidemiology and immunization during pregnancy: Final report of a World Health Organization working group.
Auteurs : Deshayne B. Fell [Canada] ; Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner [États-Unis] ; Michael G. Baker [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Maneesh Batra [États-Unis] ; Julien Beauté [Suède] ; Philippe Beutels [Belgique] ; Niranjan Bhat [États-Unis] ; Zulfiqar A. Bhutta [Pakistan] ; Cheryl Cohen [Afrique du Sud] ; Bremen De Mucio [Uruguay] ; Bradford D. Gessner [France] ; Michael G. Gravett [États-Unis] ; Mark A. Katz [États-Unis] ; Marian Knight [Royaume-Uni] ; Vernon J. Lee [Singapour] ; Mark Loeb [Canada] ; Johannes M. Luteijn [Royaume-Uni] ; Helen Marshall [Australie] ; Harish Nair [Royaume-Uni] ; Kevin Pottie [Canada] ; Rehana A. Salam [Pakistan] ; David A. Savitz [États-Unis] ; Suzanne J. Serruya [Uruguay] ; Becky Skidmore [Canada] ; Justin R. Ortiz [Suisse]Source :
- Vaccine [ 1873-2518 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
From 2014 to 2017, the World Health Organization convened a working group to evaluate influenza disease burden and vaccine efficacy to inform estimates of maternal influenza immunization program impact. The group evaluated existing systematic reviews and relevant primary studies, and conducted four new systematic reviews. There was strong evidence that maternal influenza immunization prevented influenza illness in pregnant women and their infants, although data on severe illness prevention were lacking. The limited number of studies reporting influenza incidence in pregnant women and infants under six months had highly variable estimates and underrepresented low- and middle-income countries. The evidence that maternal influenza immunization reduces the risk of adverse birth outcomes was conflicting, and many observational studies were subject to substantial bias. The lack of scientific clarity regarding disease burden or magnitude of vaccine efficacy against severe illness poses challenges for robust estimation of the potential impact of maternal influenza immunization programs.
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.037
PubMed: 28867508
Affiliations:
- Afrique du Sud, Australie, Belgique, Canada, France, Nouvelle-Zélande, Pakistan, Royaume-Uni, Singapour, Suisse, Suède, Uruguay, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Gauteng, Grand Londres, Ontario, Oxfordshire, Pennsylvanie, Province d'Anvers, Rhode Island, Région flamande, Washington (État), Écosse
- Anvers, Hamilton (Ontario), Johannesbourg, Londres, Oxford, Providence (Rhode Island), Seattle, Édimbourg
- Université Brown, Université McMaster, Université d'Anvers, Université d'Oxford, Université d'Édimbourg, Université de Londres, Université de Washington, Université du Witwatersrand, Université nationale de Singapour
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Electronic address: michael.baker@otago.ac.nz.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, University of Otago</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Otago</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Batra, Maneesh" sort="Batra, Maneesh" uniqKey="Batra M" first="Maneesh" last="Batra">Maneesh Batra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics-Neonatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, USA. 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Electronic address: julien.beaute@ecdc.europa.eu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beutels, Philippe" sort="Beutels, Philippe" uniqKey="Beutels P" first="Philippe" last="Beutels">Philippe Beutels</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Health Economics Research & Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Belgium. Electronic address: philippe.beutels@uantwerpen.be.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Health Economics Research & Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Anvers</settlement><region>Région flamande</region><region type="district" nuts="2">Province d'Anvers</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Anvers</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhat, Niranjan" sort="Bhat, Niranjan" uniqKey="Bhat N" first="Niranjan" last="Bhat">Niranjan Bhat</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, PATH, USA. Electronic address: nbhat@path.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, PATH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhutta, Zulfiqar A" sort="Bhutta, Zulfiqar A" uniqKey="Bhutta Z" first="Zulfiqar A" last="Bhutta">Zulfiqar A. Bhutta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Center of Excellence in Women & Child Health, The Aga Khan University, Pakistan. Electronic address: Zulfiqar.bhutta@sickkkids.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pakistan</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Center of Excellence in Women & Child Health, The Aga Khan University</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>The Aga Khan University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Cheryl" sort="Cohen, Cheryl" uniqKey="Cohen C" first="Cheryl" last="Cohen">Cheryl Cohen</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa; School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Electronic address: cherylc@nicd.ac.za.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa; School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Johannesbourg</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Gauteng</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université du Witwatersrand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Mucio, Bremen" sort="De Mucio, Bremen" uniqKey="De Mucio B" first="Bremen" last="De Mucio">Bremen De Mucio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Panamerican Health Organization, Uruguay. Electronic address: demuciob@paho.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country><wicri:regionArea>Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Panamerican Health Organization</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Panamerican Health Organization</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gessner, Bradford D" sort="Gessner, Bradford D" uniqKey="Gessner B" first="Bradford D" last="Gessner">Bradford D. Gessner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Agence de Médecine Préventive, France. Electronic address: bgessner@aamp.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Agence de Médecine Préventive</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gravett, Michael G" sort="Gravett, Michael G" uniqKey="Gravett M" first="Michael G" last="Gravett">Michael G. Gravett</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, USA. Electronic address: gravettm@uw.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katz, Mark A" sort="Katz, Mark A" uniqKey="Katz M" first="Mark A" last="Katz">Mark A. Katz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Medical School for International Health and Department of Health Systems Management, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; School of Public Health, University of Michigan, USA. Electronic address: katzmar@post.bgu.ac.il.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Medical School for International Health and Department of Health Systems Management, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; School of Public Health, University of Michigan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Michigan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knight, Marian" sort="Knight, Marian" uniqKey="Knight M" first="Marian" last="Knight">Marian Knight</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, UK. Electronic address: marian.knight@npeu.ox.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="nation">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Vernon J" sort="Lee, Vernon J" uniqKey="Lee V" first="Vernon J" last="Lee">Vernon J. Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: vernonljm@hotmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loeb, Mark" sort="Loeb, Mark" uniqKey="Loeb M" first="Mark" last="Loeb">Mark Loeb</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Canada. Electronic address: loebm@mcmaster.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luteijn, Johannes M" sort="Luteijn, Johannes M" uniqKey="Luteijn J" first="Johannes M" last="Luteijn">Johannes M. Luteijn</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Queen Mary, University of London, UK. Electronic address: j.m.luteijn@qmul.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Queen Mary, University of London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marshall, Helen" sort="Marshall, Helen" uniqKey="Marshall H" first="Helen" last="Marshall">Helen Marshall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Women's and Children's Health Network, Australia. Electronic address: helen.marshall@adelaide.edu.au.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Women's and Children's Health Network</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Adelaide and Women's and Children's Health Network</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nair, Harish" sort="Nair, Harish" uniqKey="Nair H" first="Harish" last="Nair">Harish Nair</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address: harish.nair@ed.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pottie, Kevin" sort="Pottie, Kevin" uniqKey="Pottie K" first="Kevin" last="Pottie">Kevin Pottie</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada. Electronic address: kpottie@uottawa.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Ottawa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salam, Rehana A" sort="Salam, Rehana A" uniqKey="Salam R" first="Rehana A" last="Salam">Rehana A. Salam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Australia; Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Pakistan. Electronic address: rehana.salam@aku.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pakistan</country><wicri:regionArea>South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Australia; Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Aga Khan University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Savitz, David A" sort="Savitz, David A" uniqKey="Savitz D" first="David A" last="Savitz">David A. Savitz</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Epidemiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University, USA. Electronic address: david_savitz@brown.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Epidemiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Providence (Rhode Island)</settlement><region type="state">Rhode Island</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Brown</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Serruya, Suzanne J" sort="Serruya, Suzanne J" uniqKey="Serruya S" first="Suzanne J" last="Serruya">Suzanne J. Serruya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Panamerican Health Organization, Uruguay. Electronic address: serruyas@paho.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country><wicri:regionArea>Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Panamerican Health Organization</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Panamerican Health Organization</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Skidmore, Becky" sort="Skidmore, Becky" uniqKey="Skidmore B" first="Becky" last="Skidmore">Becky Skidmore</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Independent Information Specialist, Canada. Electronic address: bskidmore@rogers.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Independent Information Specialist</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ortiz, Justin R" sort="Ortiz, Justin R" uniqKey="Ortiz J" first="Justin R" last="Ortiz">Justin R. Ortiz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization, Switzerland. Electronic address: ortizj@who.int.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>World Health Organization</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28867508</idno><idno type="pmid">28867508</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.037</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000290</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000290</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000288</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000288</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000288</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000288</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">004D91</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">004D91</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">004D91</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000978</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000983</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000983</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Influenza epidemiology and immunization during pregnancy: Final report of a World Health Organization working group.</title><author><name sortKey="Fell, Deshayne B" sort="Fell, Deshayne B" uniqKey="Fell D" first="Deshayne B" last="Fell">Deshayne B. Fell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Canada. Electronic address: dfell@cheo.on.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Ottawa and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Azziz Baumgartner, Eduardo" sort="Azziz Baumgartner, Eduardo" uniqKey="Azziz Baumgartner E" first="Eduardo" last="Azziz-Baumgartner">Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA. Electronic address: eha9@cdc.gov.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baker, Michael G" sort="Baker, Michael G" uniqKey="Baker M" first="Michael G" last="Baker">Michael G. Baker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, University of Otago, New Zealand. Electronic address: michael.baker@otago.ac.nz.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, University of Otago</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Otago</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Batra, Maneesh" sort="Batra, Maneesh" uniqKey="Batra M" first="Maneesh" last="Batra">Maneesh Batra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics-Neonatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, USA. Electronic address: maneesh.batra@seattlechildrens.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics-Neonatology, University of Washington School of Medicine</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Washington School of Medicine</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beaute, Julien" sort="Beaute, Julien" uniqKey="Beaute J" first="Julien" last="Beauté">Julien Beauté</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Sweden. Electronic address: julien.beaute@ecdc.europa.eu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beutels, Philippe" sort="Beutels, Philippe" uniqKey="Beutels P" first="Philippe" last="Beutels">Philippe Beutels</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Health Economics Research & Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Belgium. Electronic address: philippe.beutels@uantwerpen.be.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Health Economics Research & Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Anvers</settlement><region>Région flamande</region><region type="district" nuts="2">Province d'Anvers</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Anvers</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhat, Niranjan" sort="Bhat, Niranjan" uniqKey="Bhat N" first="Niranjan" last="Bhat">Niranjan Bhat</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, PATH, USA. Electronic address: nbhat@path.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, PATH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhutta, Zulfiqar A" sort="Bhutta, Zulfiqar A" uniqKey="Bhutta Z" first="Zulfiqar A" last="Bhutta">Zulfiqar A. Bhutta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Center of Excellence in Women & Child Health, The Aga Khan University, Pakistan. Electronic address: Zulfiqar.bhutta@sickkkids.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pakistan</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Center of Excellence in Women & Child Health, The Aga Khan University</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>The Aga Khan University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Cheryl" sort="Cohen, Cheryl" uniqKey="Cohen C" first="Cheryl" last="Cohen">Cheryl Cohen</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa; School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Electronic address: cherylc@nicd.ac.za.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa; School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Johannesbourg</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Gauteng</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université du Witwatersrand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Mucio, Bremen" sort="De Mucio, Bremen" uniqKey="De Mucio B" first="Bremen" last="De Mucio">Bremen De Mucio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Panamerican Health Organization, Uruguay. Electronic address: demuciob@paho.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country><wicri:regionArea>Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Panamerican Health Organization</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Panamerican Health Organization</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gessner, Bradford D" sort="Gessner, Bradford D" uniqKey="Gessner B" first="Bradford D" last="Gessner">Bradford D. Gessner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Agence de Médecine Préventive, France. Electronic address: bgessner@aamp.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Agence de Médecine Préventive</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gravett, Michael G" sort="Gravett, Michael G" uniqKey="Gravett M" first="Michael G" last="Gravett">Michael G. Gravett</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, USA. Electronic address: gravettm@uw.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katz, Mark A" sort="Katz, Mark A" uniqKey="Katz M" first="Mark A" last="Katz">Mark A. Katz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Medical School for International Health and Department of Health Systems Management, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; School of Public Health, University of Michigan, USA. Electronic address: katzmar@post.bgu.ac.il.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Medical School for International Health and Department of Health Systems Management, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; School of Public Health, University of Michigan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Michigan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knight, Marian" sort="Knight, Marian" uniqKey="Knight M" first="Marian" last="Knight">Marian Knight</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, UK. Electronic address: marian.knight@npeu.ox.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="nation">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Vernon J" sort="Lee, Vernon J" uniqKey="Lee V" first="Vernon J" last="Lee">Vernon J. Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: vernonljm@hotmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loeb, Mark" sort="Loeb, Mark" uniqKey="Loeb M" first="Mark" last="Loeb">Mark Loeb</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Canada. Electronic address: loebm@mcmaster.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luteijn, Johannes M" sort="Luteijn, Johannes M" uniqKey="Luteijn J" first="Johannes M" last="Luteijn">Johannes M. Luteijn</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Queen Mary, University of London, UK. Electronic address: j.m.luteijn@qmul.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Queen Mary, University of London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marshall, Helen" sort="Marshall, Helen" uniqKey="Marshall H" first="Helen" last="Marshall">Helen Marshall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Women's and Children's Health Network, Australia. Electronic address: helen.marshall@adelaide.edu.au.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and Women's and Children's Health Network</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Adelaide and Women's and Children's Health Network</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nair, Harish" sort="Nair, Harish" uniqKey="Nair H" first="Harish" last="Nair">Harish Nair</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address: harish.nair@ed.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pottie, Kevin" sort="Pottie, Kevin" uniqKey="Pottie K" first="Kevin" last="Pottie">Kevin Pottie</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada. Electronic address: kpottie@uottawa.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Ottawa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salam, Rehana A" sort="Salam, Rehana A" uniqKey="Salam R" first="Rehana A" last="Salam">Rehana A. Salam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Australia; Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Pakistan. Electronic address: rehana.salam@aku.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pakistan</country><wicri:regionArea>South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Australia; Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Aga Khan University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Savitz, David A" sort="Savitz, David A" uniqKey="Savitz D" first="David A" last="Savitz">David A. Savitz</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Epidemiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University, USA. Electronic address: david_savitz@brown.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Epidemiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Providence (Rhode Island)</settlement><region type="state">Rhode Island</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Brown</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Serruya, Suzanne J" sort="Serruya, Suzanne J" uniqKey="Serruya S" first="Suzanne J" last="Serruya">Suzanne J. Serruya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Panamerican Health Organization, Uruguay. Electronic address: serruyas@paho.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country><wicri:regionArea>Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Panamerican Health Organization</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Panamerican Health Organization</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Skidmore, Becky" sort="Skidmore, Becky" uniqKey="Skidmore B" first="Becky" last="Skidmore">Becky Skidmore</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Independent Information Specialist, Canada. Electronic address: bskidmore@rogers.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Independent Information Specialist</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ortiz, Justin R" sort="Ortiz, Justin R" uniqKey="Ortiz J" first="Justin R" last="Ortiz">Justin R. Ortiz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization, Switzerland. Electronic address: ortizj@who.int.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>World Health Organization</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Vaccine</title><idno type="eISSN">1873-2518</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">From 2014 to 2017, the World Health Organization convened a working group to evaluate influenza disease burden and vaccine efficacy to inform estimates of maternal influenza immunization program impact. The group evaluated existing systematic reviews and relevant primary studies, and conducted four new systematic reviews. There was strong evidence that maternal influenza immunization prevented influenza illness in pregnant women and their infants, although data on severe illness prevention were lacking. The limited number of studies reporting influenza incidence in pregnant women and infants under six months had highly variable estimates and underrepresented low- and middle-income countries. The evidence that maternal influenza immunization reduces the risk of adverse birth outcomes was conflicting, and many observational studies were subject to substantial bias. The lack of scientific clarity regarding disease burden or magnitude of vaccine efficacy against severe illness poses challenges for robust estimation of the potential impact of maternal influenza immunization programs.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Australie</li><li>Belgique</li><li>Canada</li><li>France</li><li>Nouvelle-Zélande</li><li>Pakistan</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Singapour</li><li>Suisse</li><li>Suède</li><li>Uruguay</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Gauteng</li><li>Grand Londres</li><li>Ontario</li><li>Oxfordshire</li><li>Pennsylvanie</li><li>Province d'Anvers</li><li>Rhode Island</li><li>Région flamande</li><li>Washington (État)</li><li>Écosse</li></region><settlement><li>Anvers</li><li>Hamilton (Ontario)</li><li>Johannesbourg</li><li>Londres</li><li>Oxford</li><li>Providence (Rhode Island)</li><li>Seattle</li><li>Édimbourg</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Brown</li><li>Université McMaster</li><li>Université d'Anvers</li><li>Université d'Oxford</li><li>Université d'Édimbourg</li><li>Université de Londres</li><li>Université de Washington</li><li>Université du Witwatersrand</li><li>Université nationale de Singapour</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Fell, Deshayne B" sort="Fell, Deshayne B" uniqKey="Fell D" first="Deshayne B" last="Fell">Deshayne B. Fell</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Loeb, Mark" sort="Loeb, Mark" uniqKey="Loeb M" first="Mark" last="Loeb">Mark Loeb</name><name sortKey="Pottie, Kevin" sort="Pottie, Kevin" uniqKey="Pottie K" first="Kevin" last="Pottie">Kevin Pottie</name><name sortKey="Skidmore, Becky" sort="Skidmore, Becky" uniqKey="Skidmore B" first="Becky" last="Skidmore">Becky Skidmore</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Azziz Baumgartner, Eduardo" sort="Azziz Baumgartner, Eduardo" uniqKey="Azziz Baumgartner E" first="Eduardo" last="Azziz-Baumgartner">Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Batra, Maneesh" sort="Batra, Maneesh" uniqKey="Batra M" first="Maneesh" last="Batra">Maneesh Batra</name><name sortKey="Bhat, Niranjan" sort="Bhat, Niranjan" uniqKey="Bhat N" first="Niranjan" last="Bhat">Niranjan Bhat</name><name sortKey="Gravett, Michael G" sort="Gravett, Michael G" uniqKey="Gravett M" first="Michael G" last="Gravett">Michael G. Gravett</name><name sortKey="Katz, Mark A" sort="Katz, Mark A" uniqKey="Katz M" first="Mark A" last="Katz">Mark A. Katz</name><name sortKey="Savitz, David A" sort="Savitz, David A" uniqKey="Savitz D" first="David A" last="Savitz">David A. Savitz</name></country><country name="Nouvelle-Zélande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Baker, Michael G" sort="Baker, Michael G" uniqKey="Baker M" first="Michael G" last="Baker">Michael G. Baker</name></noRegion></country><country name="Suède"><noRegion><name sortKey="Beaute, Julien" sort="Beaute, Julien" uniqKey="Beaute J" first="Julien" last="Beauté">Julien Beauté</name></noRegion></country><country name="Belgique"><region name="Région flamande"><name sortKey="Beutels, Philippe" sort="Beutels, Philippe" uniqKey="Beutels P" first="Philippe" last="Beutels">Philippe Beutels</name></region></country><country name="Pakistan"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bhutta, Zulfiqar A" sort="Bhutta, Zulfiqar A" uniqKey="Bhutta Z" first="Zulfiqar A" last="Bhutta">Zulfiqar A. Bhutta</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Salam, Rehana A" sort="Salam, Rehana A" uniqKey="Salam R" first="Rehana A" last="Salam">Rehana A. Salam</name></country><country name="Afrique du Sud"><region name="Gauteng"><name sortKey="Cohen, Cheryl" sort="Cohen, Cheryl" uniqKey="Cohen C" first="Cheryl" last="Cohen">Cheryl Cohen</name></region></country><country name="Uruguay"><noRegion><name sortKey="De Mucio, Bremen" sort="De Mucio, Bremen" uniqKey="De Mucio B" first="Bremen" last="De Mucio">Bremen De Mucio</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Serruya, Suzanne J" sort="Serruya, Suzanne J" uniqKey="Serruya S" first="Suzanne J" last="Serruya">Suzanne J. Serruya</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gessner, Bradford D" sort="Gessner, Bradford D" uniqKey="Gessner B" first="Bradford D" last="Gessner">Bradford D. Gessner</name></noRegion></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Knight, Marian" sort="Knight, Marian" uniqKey="Knight M" first="Marian" last="Knight">Marian Knight</name></region><name sortKey="Luteijn, Johannes M" sort="Luteijn, Johannes M" uniqKey="Luteijn J" first="Johannes M" last="Luteijn">Johannes M. Luteijn</name><name sortKey="Nair, Harish" sort="Nair, Harish" uniqKey="Nair H" first="Harish" last="Nair">Harish Nair</name></country><country name="Singapour"><noRegion><name sortKey="Lee, Vernon J" sort="Lee, Vernon J" uniqKey="Lee V" first="Vernon J" last="Lee">Vernon J. Lee</name></noRegion></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Marshall, Helen" sort="Marshall, Helen" uniqKey="Marshall H" first="Helen" last="Marshall">Helen Marshall</name></noRegion></country><country name="Suisse"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ortiz, Justin R" sort="Ortiz, Justin R" uniqKey="Ortiz J" first="Justin R" last="Ortiz">Justin R. Ortiz</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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